Viral Hemorrhagic Fever: A Literature Review

Abstract

Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHFs) is a diverse group of systemic diseases mediated by RNA viruses with significant morbidity and mortality rates and represents a major public health concern caused by four families of viruses- Arenaviridae, Bunyaviridae, Filoviridae, and Flaviviridae. It can harm the walls of small blood vessels, making them leak, and it can prevent blood from clotting. VHFs are a disease that is classified into a variety of deadly viral diseases characterized by severe internal or external hemorrhage or bleeding into the skin. Fever, malaise, muscle soreness, vomiting, and shock are common clinical signs of viral hemorrhagic fever, though they might vary depending on the type. Internal bleeding that results is typically not fatal, but the illness itself may be. Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHFs) represent a group of severe, systemic feverish diseases. This review aims to shed light on viral hemorrhagic fevers in terms of their causes, symptoms, transmission methods, prevention, and available treatment, to raise awareness about their danger and enhance preventive efforts to combat their spread. Hemorrhagic fever is a serious disease that affects humans and causes a high mortality rate due to its pathogenicity. These viruses infect insects or rodents, so the focus is on staying away from rodents or insects that carry the virus. Therefore, it is necessary to adhere to the procedures of Islam and prepare. These procedures allow for preparation for the future. disease outbreaks and preparation reduce the impact of diseases on humans. Scientific research is still ongoing to develop more effective vaccines and treatments that may contribute to reducing the negative effects of these viruses.